The Innovation Cycle
So that, in short, explains the IRSs. They are the outcome of independent work conducted by the railway operators in order to harmonise the railways in an efficient and realistic way. Though the IRSs are progressively replacing the UIC Leaflets, they have kept their universal and global objective but also incorporate regional variations. They help the railway companies in their aim to serve society and the economy.
For a range of relevant subjects, volunteer experts also develop guidelines for good practice. They produce recommendations which then serve as professional standards, and which are used to ensure harmonisation and economic efficiency in the railways.